Tutorial on How to Use WP-Cli
In this tutorial we will explain how to use the WP command line interface in order to complete regular administrative tasks like upgrades, database backup creation, plugins and themes installations and removals, publishing and deleting posts, changing site's URL settings and getting help on chosen commands. Note that WP-Cli requires an SSH access.
List the Available WP-Cli Commands
First, we will start with the instructions on how to list the available commands and get detailed help for each one of them.To list all the commands write wp help or just wp.
The following list will be shown:
Available commands:wp core [download|config|install|install_network|version|update|update_db] wp db [create|drop|optimize|repair|connect|cli|query|export|import] wp eval-file wp eval wp export [validate_arguments] wp generate [posts|users] wp home wp option [add|update|delete|get] wp plugin [activate|deactivate|toggle|path|update|uninstall|delete|status|install] wp post-meta [get|delete|add|update] wp post [create|update|delete] wp theme [activate|path|delete|status|install|update] wp transient [get|set|delete|type] wp user-meta [get|delete|add|update] wp user [list|delete|create|update]See 'wp help ' for more information on a specific command.
Global parameters: --user=set the current user --url=set the current URL --path=set the current path to the WP install --require=load a certain file before running the command --versionprint WP-Cli versionIf you want to get detailed documentation, for example, for the wp db export command, enter the code listed below:
wp help db exportThe result will be as follows:
WP-DB-EXPORT(1) WP-Cli WP-DB-EXPORT(1)
NAME
wp-db-export - Export the WordPress database using mysqldump.
SYNOPSIS
wp db export [file]
OPTIONS
file: The name of the export file. If omitted, it will be ´{dbname}.sql´
Now we will proceed with the regular management tasks.Update WordPress via WP-Cli
First, we will show how to update the core files of your web site. We will check the current version which we have:wp core version 3.4.2Obviously it is outdated. In order to use the latest scripts features and have all the vulnerabilities in the older versions patched we should always use the latest stable releases for our web site applications. Using WP-Cli we will complete the upgrade with a single command:
wp core update Downloading update from http://wordpress.org/wordpress-3.5.1-new-bundled.zip... Unpacking the update... Success: WordPress updated successfully.
Update WordPress Plugins using WP-Cli
The update of the core files and the database are not always enough. If we have integrated external plugins and/or themes we should take care of their upgrade. We need to check the status of the installed extensions:wp plugin status Installed plugins: UI akismet I hello UA jetpack A limit-login-attempts A SGCachePress Legend: I = Inactive, A = Active, M = Must Use, U = Update AvailableWe have 5 plugins integrated in our sample installation. There are upgrades for two of them. We will complete the upgrades through the following commands:
wp plugin update jetpack Downloading update from http://downloads.wordpress.org/plugin/jetpack.2.3.zip... Unpacking the update... Installing the latest version... Removing the old version of the plugin... Plugin updated successfully.
wp plugin update akismet Downloading update from http://downloads.wordpress.org/plugin/akismet.2.5.8.zip... Unpacking the update... Installing the latest version... Removing the old version of the plugin... Plugin updated successfully.
Install and Activate WordPress Plugins & Themes via WP-Cli
To install and activate a new plugin run the commands listed below:- wp plugin install Plugin_Name
- wp plugin activate Plugin_Name
If you do not need a plugin you can remove it through the following action:
wp plugin uninstall Plugin_NameNext, we will check the themes:
wp theme status Installed themes: UA twentyeleven UI twentyten I twentytwelve Legend: I = Inactive, A = Active, U = Update AvailableTo update all the themes the following command should be executed:
wp theme update --all Enabling Maintenance mode... Downloading update from http://wordpress.org/themes/download/twentyeleven.1.5.zip... Unpacking the update... Installing the latest version... Removing the old version of the theme... Theme updated successfully. Downloading update from http://wordpress.org/themes/download/twentyten.1.5.zip... Unpacking the update... Installing the latest version... Removing the old version of the theme... Theme updated successfully. Disabling Maintenance mode... Success: Updated 2/2 themes.The themes can be installed, activated and uninstalled in a similar way to the plugins:
- wp theme install Theme_Name
- wp theme activate Theme_Name
- wp theme delete Theme_Name
The activation will make the chosen theme the default one for your WordPress installation.
Other Tasks you Can do With WP-Cli
We can even write posts directly from the command line. The creation of a sample post on a new page is illustrated below:wp post create --post_type=page --post_status=publish --post_title='My test post' --post_content='This is a test post'Success: Created post 4.If we do not need a certain post we can easily delete it:
wp post delete 3 --forceSuccess: Deleted post 3.Once we have our script upgraded and the content set we can generate a database backup:
wp db exportSuccess: Exported to user_wp790.sqlIf the web master decides to change the primary domain for the WordPress web site he/she can easily update the corresponding URL options:
wp option update home https://newdomain.com wp option update siteurl https://newdomain.comMore details on WP cli can be found through the help command and the project's home page.
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